Being able to read the mare’s body language and physical changes is crucial to being ready when foaling begins. Every mare is an individual, but there are several clear signs that often indicate foaling is near. By paying attention to these, you can prepare both yourself and the environment in the best way.
Enlarged and firm udders
In the weeks leading up to foaling, the mare’s udder gradually fills with milk. In the last weeks it becomes noticeably larger and firmer, a clear sign that her body is preparing.
Wax plugs on the teats
Many mares develop small yellow-white droplets, known as wax plugs, on their teats in the days before foaling. These may stay in place or fall off. Sometimes milk droplets may also begin to drip.
Relaxed tailhead and pelvic ligaments
As foaling approaches, the ligaments around the pelvis relax. You can often feel this as a softening at the base of the tail. The mare’s hindquarters may also appear more angular or “dropped.”
Milk tests or milk droplets
Some owners use simple milk tests to estimate when foaling is close. The milk’s color and consistency often change to a whiter, more milk-like fluid shortly before birth.
Restlessness, anxiety, and sweating
When labor begins, the mare often becomes restless. She may pace, paw at the ground, sweat, or look at her belly. These signs can resemble colic but often indicate the start of foaling.
Frequent lying down and standing up
It’s common for the mare to alternate between standing, lying down, and getting back up. This is part of the preparatory phase, as she searches for a comfortable position.
Withdrawal from the herd
In group turnout, mares often separate themselves from the others when it’s time. She will look for a quiet, secluded place to foal undisturbed.
Summary
In the final days and hours before foaling, the mare’s body and behavior usually give clear signals. Pay particular attention to udder filling, wax plugs, a softened tailhead, and behavioral changes. By observing and recognizing these signs, you increase the chance of being present when the time comes — giving both mare and foal a safe start.
